Sposoby rozwiązywania kryzysów w teorii psychospołecznego rozwoju E. H. Eriksona w aspekcie rozwoju człowieka i zdrowia psychicznego oraz zaburzeń w rozwoju

Abstract

The article presents the concept of psychosocial development of E. Erikson. E. Erikson distinguished eight phases in human development. The first four phases occur in infancy and childhood, the fifth in pubery, and the next three in adolescence and old age. In each of the stages, a man faces a new challenge called the crisis. The crisis is understood as the need to develop new forms of adaptation to the environment and to meet their needs and the needs of other people. Properly solved crisis leads to the development of the human ego, in which he acquires specific features and abilities in all stages. However, a badly solved crisis leads to disturbances in the development of the ego. The purpose of the article was to describe ways of solving crises in particular stages enabling full or incomplete or even disturbed development of human personality.