Abstract
Migraine is a chronic neurological disease. Research indicates that it has a significant negative impact on daily functioning and, consequently, on the quality of life. Migraine sufferers often experience psychological strain, which can lead to anxiety disorders, depression, and feelings of ressentiment. This article attempts at examining these threads. The study involved 120 women experiencing migraine headaches. The subjects completed several questionnaires: Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) – used to assess the impact of headaches on the life of a person with migraine; Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) – to assess the disability of a person with migraine; General Health Questionnaire – Goldberg (GHQ-28) – to assess adults’ mental health; World Health Organization Quality of Life Test-Bref (WHOQOL-BREF) – to assess the quality of life; State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) – to assess the severity of anxiety; Beck Depression Scale – a screening tool examining the presence and severity of depressive traits; and the Ressentiment Questionnaire. The results show that migraine significantly affects the quality of life of the surveyed women; moreover, ressentiment, as indicated in the research, causes feelings of anxiety and depression and plays an intermediary role in the relationship between migraine and quality of life. As migraines increase in severity and their consequences, the levels of anxiety, depression, and ressentiment increase as well, which negatively affects women’s quality of life.
References
Aguggia, M., Cavallini, M., Divito, N., Ferrero, M., Lentini, A., Montano, V., & Valfrè, V. (2011). Sleep and primary headaches. Neurological Sciences, 32, 51-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-011-0524-5
Amoozegar, F. (2017). Depression comorbidity in migraine. International Review of Psychiatry, 29(5),
https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2017.1326882
Bhatia, M.S., & Gupta, R. (2012). Migraine: Clinical pattern and psychiatric comorbidity. Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 21(1), 18-21. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-6748.110943
Bidzan, M. (2013). Nastoletnie rodzicielstwo. Perspektywa psychologiczna. Gdańsk: Grupa Wydawnicza Harmonia.
Bigal, M.E., & Lipton, R. (2009). The epidemiology, burden, and comorbidities of migraine. Neurologic Clinics, 27(2), 321-334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ncl.2008.11.011
Breslau, N., & Andreski, P. (1995). Migraine, personality, and psychiatric comorbidity. Headache, 35(7), 382-386. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4610.1995.hed3507382.x
Breslau, N., Merikangas, K., & Bowden, C.L. (1994). Comorbidity of migraine and major affective disorders. Neurology, 10(7), 17-22. (From:) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7969941/ (access: 19.04.2024).
Buse, D.C., Manack, A.N., Fanning, K.M., Serrano, D., Reed, M.L., & Turkel, C.C. (2012). Chronic migraine prevalence, disability, and sociodemographic factors: results from the American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention Study. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, 52(10), 46-55. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4610.2012.02223.x
Cardona-Castrillon, G.P., Isaza, R., Zapata-Soto, A.P., Franco, J.G., & Gonzalez-Berrio, C. (2007). The comorbidity of major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder and anxiety disorders with migraine. Revista de Neurologia, 45(2), 272-275. (From:) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/5965769_The_comorbidity_of_major_depressive_disorder_dysthymic_disorder_and_anxiety_disorders_with_migraine (access: 19.04.2024).
Czerw, A. (2019). Społeczne znaczenie migreny z perspektywy zdrowia publicznego i systemu ochrony zdrowia. Warszawa: Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego – Państwowy Zakład Higieny.
Dąbrowski, A. (2012). Wpływ emocji na poznanie. Przegląd Filozoficzny – Nowa Seria, 21(3), 315-335. (From:) https://journals.pan.pl/Content/93764/PDF/v10271-012-0082-6.pdf (access: 19.04.2024).
Demir, Ü.F., & Bozkurt, O. (2020). Effects of Perceived Social Support, Depression and Anxiety Levels on Migraine. Archives of Neuropsychiatry, 57(3), 210-215. https://doi.org/10.29399/npa.25000
Dindo, L.D., Recober, A., Haddad, R., & Calarge, C.A. (2017). Comorbidity of Migraine, Major Depressive Disorder, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Adolescents and Young Adults. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 24(4), 528-534. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-016-9620-5
Domitrz, I. (2018). Migrena. Warszawa: Medical Education.
Dudek, D., & Krupa, A. (2021). Objawy bólowe w depresji. (In:) D. Dudek, M. Siwek, & J. Woronia (eds.), Ból i depresja, 49-64. Poznań: Termedia Wydawnictwa Medyczne.
Dudek, D., Siwek, M., & Grabski, B. (2009). Zaburzenia psychiczne w neurologii. Poznań: Termedia Wydawnictwa Medyczne.
Ekman, P., & Davidson, R.J. (2017). Natura emocji. Podstawowe zagadnienia. Gdańsk: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.
Encyklopedia PWN. (2024). Jakość życia. (From:) https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/szukaj/jako%C5%9B%C4%87%20%C5%BCycia.html (access: 19.04.2024).
Group, T.W. (1995). The World Health Organization quality of life assessment (WHOQOL). Position paper from the World Health Organisation. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(95)00112-K
Herman, J.L. (2024). Trauma. Od przemocy domowej do terroru politycznego. Warszawa: Czarna Owca.
Karbowski, M.G. (2023a). Resentyment1 – geneza pojęcia i próba zdefiniowania. Szkice Akademickie 17. (From:) https://drive.google.com/file/d/1IwG69fuwhCuU6tA4fqp-DCY6ysxRHImE/view (access: 17.04.2024).
Karbowski, M.G. (2023b). In search of the relationship between predisposition to addictions and impulsivity in online players from the ressentiment perspective. Probation, 4, 201-223. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.0101
Karbowski, M.G. (2023c). The destructive impact of ressentiment in the process of acculturation. Probation, 2, 51-79. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.6711
Keltner, D., & Ekman, P. (2005). Wyrażanie emocji twarzą. (In:) M. Lewis, & J.M. Haviland-Jones (eds.), Psychologia emocji, 307-323. Gdańsk: Gdańsk: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.
Kocwa-Karnaś, A., & Domitrz, I. (2018). Psychosocial difficulties due to migraine. Is migraine just a recurrent, lingering headache? Migrena, 2(2), 55-62. (From:) http://www.ptbg.pl/pdf/MS-2018-2.pdf (access: 19.04.2024).
Krysta, K. (2021). Nowe możliwości terapeutyczne w migrenie u pacjentów z depresją. Psychiatria po Dyplomie, 6, (From:) https://podyplomie.pl/psychiatria/37042,nowe-mozliwosci-terapeutyczne-w-migrenie-u-pacjentow-z-depresja (access: 19.04.2024).
Loisy, C., Beorchia, S., & Lamousse, C. (1992). Migrena. Warszawa: W.A.B.
Molgat, C.V., & Patten, S.B. (2005). Comorbidity of major depression and migraine – a Canadian population-based study. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 50(13). https://doi.org/10.1177/070674370505001305
Moneta, P., Kaczmarek, M., Przybylski, M., Niedzielski, J., Durko, A., & Żytkowski, A. (2018). Quality of life and methods of treatment of people suffering from migraine. Issues, 19(4), 27-33. (From:) https://bolczasopismo.pl/resources/html/article/details?id=190196&language=en (access: 19.04.2024).
Oedegaard, K.J., & Fasmer, O.B. (2005). Is migraine in unipolar depressed patients a bipolar spectrum trait? Journal of Affective Disorders, 84(2-3), 233-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2003.11.007
Pavlovic, J.M., Vieira, J.R., Lipton, R.B., & Bond, D.S. (2017). Association Between Obesity and Migraine in Women. Current Pain and Headache Reports, 21(41). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-017-0634-8
Pradeep, R., Nemichandra, S. C., Harsha, S., & Radhika, K. (2020). Migraine Disability, Quality of Life, and Its Predictors. Annals of Neurosciences, 27(1), 18-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972753120929563
Rasmussen, B.K., Jensen, R., & Olesen, J. (1991). A population-based analysis of the diagnostic criteria of the International Headache Society. Cephalalgia, 11(3) 129-134. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1991.1103129.x
Rożniecki, J.J., Stępień, A., & Domitrz, I. (2018). Leczenie migreny przewlekłej – zalecenia opracowane przez Grupę Ekspertów Polskiego Towarzystwa Bólów Głowy i Sekcji Badania Bólu Polskiego Towarzystwa Neurologicznego na podstawie międzynarodowych zaleceń i najnowszej literatury. Polski Przegląd Neurologiczny, 14(2), 60-66.
Russell, M., Rasmussen, B.K., Fenger, K., & Olesen, J. (1996). Migraine without aura and migraine with aura are distinct clinical entities: a study of four hundred and eighty-four male and female migraineurs from the general population. Cephalalgia, 16(4), 239-245. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1996.1604239.x
Scheler, M. (2022). Resentyment w strukturze systemów moralnych. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Aletheia.
Scherer, K.R. (2001). Appraisal Processes in Emotion. (In:) R. Scherer, A. Schorr, & T. Johnstone (eds.), Appraisal processes in emotion: Theory, methods, research, 92-120. New York: Oxford University Press.
Scherer, K.R. (2005). What are emotions? And how can they be measured? Social Science Information, 44(4), 695-729.
Scherer, K.R. (2009a). The dynamic architecture of emotion: Evidence for the component process model. Cognition and Emotion, 23(7), 1307-1351.
Słońska, Z. (1999). Promocja zdrowia. (In:) J.B. Karski (ed.), Promocja zdrowia, 304-319. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo IGNIS.
Stępień, A. (2009). Migrena i jej postacie kliniczne. Poznań: Termedia Wydawnictwo Medyczne.
Stępień, A. (2011). Bóle głowy – aspekty psychiatryczne. Neurologia po Dyplomie, 6(2), 67-78. (From:) https://podyplomie.pl/publish/system/articles/pdfarticles/000/013/613/original/67-78.pdf?1477299456 (access: 19.04.2024).
Stępień, A. (2019). Neurologia. Vol. 1. Warszawa: Medical Tribune Polska.
Stępień, A. (2020). Oddziaływanie społeczne migreny. Neurologia po Dyplomie. (From:) https://podyplomie.pl/neurologia/34102,oddzialywanie-spoleczne-migreny?page=2 (access: 19.04.2024).
Stępień, A., Słowik, A., Domitrz, I., Kozubski, W., Rejdak, K., Rożniecki, J., & Gałecki, P. (2021). Experts and national consultants’ recommendations regarding management of patients treated for migraine with comorbid depression. Diagnosis. Therapeutic strategies. Part 2. Psychiatria Polska, 243, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/139596
Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B. (2013). Wyzwania dla rodzin związane z opieką nad chorym lub starszym bliskim. (In:) K. Slana (ed.), Zagadnienia małżeństwa i rodzin w perspektywie feministyczno-genderowej, 191-211. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego.
Varni, J.W., Seid, M., & Kurtin, P.S. (2001). PedsQL 4.0: reliability and validity of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory version 4.0 generic core scales in healthy and patient populations. Medical Care, 39(8), 800-812. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005650-200108000-00006
Wachowska, K., Bliźniewska-Kowalska, K., Sławek, J., Adamczyk-Sowa, M., Szulc, A., Maes, M., & Gałecki, P. (2023). Wspólny patomechanizm migreny i depresji. Psychiatria Polska, 57(2), 405-419. https://doi.org/10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/143982
Weber, M. (1965). Sociology of Religion. London: Methuen Publishing.
Yang, Y., Ligthart, L., Terwindt, G.M., Boomsma, D.I., Rodrigez-Acevedo, A.J., & Nyholt, D.R. (2016). Genetic epidemiology of migraine and depression. Cephalalgia, 36(7), 679-691. https://doi.org/10.1177/0333102416638520
Zgorzalewicz, M. (2005). Patomechanism of migraine headache. Child Neurolology, 14(28), 7-14. (from:) https://neurologia-dziecieca.pl/pdf-displ.php?pdf=neurologia_28-7-14.pdf&id=24#frame (access: 19.04.2024).
Zhang, Q., Shao, A., Jiang, Z., Tsai, H., & Liu, W. (2019). The exploration of mechanisms of comorbidity between migraine and depression. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 23(7), 4505-4513. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.14390