Słowa kluczowe
lęk
zaburzenie osobowości z pogranicza
zaburzenie używania gier komputerowych
ból psychiczny
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Abstrakt
Rozpowszechnienie zaburzenia używania gier komputerowych (ZUG), nowej jednostki diagnostycznej w klasyfikacji ICD-11 (Gaming Disorder, kod: 6C51), wynosi od ok. 2% do 27,5% w populacji światowej oraz 5,5% w populacji polskiej. Literatura przedmiotu wskazuje na związki ZUG z depresją, lękiem, ADHD, spektrum autyzmu i zachowaniami agresywnymi. Brakuje jednak badań nad związkiem ZUG z zaburzeniem osobowości z pogranicza (ZOB) oraz bólem psychicznym. Celem pracy była analiza zależności między ZUG a lękiem, depresją, zaburzeniem osobowości z pogranicza oraz ocena roli bólu psychicznego jako mediatora powyższych zależności.
Metody: Dorosłych graczy polskiej populacji (N=201) przebadano skalami klinicznymi do oceny nasilenia zaburzenia używania gier komputerowych (IGD-20), depresji i lęku (HADS), zaburzenia osobowości z pogranicza (ZOB) oraz skalą PAS do pomiaru bólu psychicznego.
Wyniki: Analiza regresji w modelu mediacyjnym wskazała ZUG jako istotny predyktor lęku i depresji, natomiast zaburzenie osobowości z pogranicza jako istotny predyktor ZUG. Ponadto, wykazano dwukierunkową zależność bólu psychicznego i ZUG - ZUG jako predyktor bólu psychicznego i odwrotnie. Ból psychiczny mediował relację pomiędzy ZUG a lękiem i depresją oraz relację między zaburzeniem osobowości z pogranicza a ZUG.
Wnioski: W procesie diagnostycznym i terapeutycznym graczy należy uwzględnić współwystępowanie ZUG z bólem psychicznym, depresją, lękiem oraz z zaburzeniem osobowości z pogranicza. Wymagana jest dalsza naukowa eksploracja oceny związków między ZUG a zmiennymi klinicznymi i bólem psychicznym.
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