How to Cite
Abstract
Infertility is defined as the lack of pregnancy in a 1-year period of unprotected regular intercourse, and should be always considered as a specific trait of a couple. It is very clear that infertility is the result of disorders that affect only one partner, therefore, is important to always optimize the fertility potential in both partners in the couple. Such a strategy warrants the highest efficacy and reduces the time to pregnancy. It is estimated that infertility affects approximately 15% of couples, and in half of them the male factor is predominant. Modern civilization is associated with a plethora of factors that can reduce male fertility. Delaying parenthood can cause infertility. Similarly to female fertility, male fertility decreases with age, but about 15 years later. Xenobiotic exposition is, among other factors, most dangerous during embryonic development. The overheating of testicles in childhood and adulthood is one of most common and important factors that impair speramatogenesis. Sleep deprivation, psychological stress, mental exhaustion, or even obesity can induce functional hypogonadism and fertility impairment. Another underestimated factor are chronic infections and bacterial colonization in the male urogenital accessory glands, and acute and chronic inflammatory reactions. Nevertheless, precise diagnostics allow the number of infertility classified as “idiopathic” to be reduced, and permit the implementation of causative treatment, which should be the gold standard. Moreover, proven strategies of male fertility optimization should be enabled concomitantly with the improvement of female fertility.
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